The Child Angel: a Dream, by Charles Lamb第一稿收到系统消息,这个帖子竟然提前了,赶紧把这个不成形的东西先帖上来交差,慢慢再改。里面红色的有些是做了注解,有些是实在拗口,一定要大改特改。这么翻了一遍,觉得自己之前说的话过分了,这篇散文能翻出来就是很不错了,等回了学校,可能还要参考张建平的译本修改。第二稿见第二页。另附张建平译本与评点。The Child Angel: a Dream
by Charles Lamb
小天使:一个梦
查尔斯•兰姆
前些天晚上做了一个梦,真是最美丽又最古怪的梦。那天我在读《天使的爱》[1],上床的时候还想着这首诗,脑子里满是稀奇古怪的想法。睡在枕头上,忍不住胡思乱想,揣测来揣测去;还记得睡着前最后一个清醒的念头,是想着:“最后会怎么样呢?”I chanced upon the prettiest, oddest, fantastical thing of a dream the other night, that you shall hear of. I had been reading the “Loves of the Angels”, and went to bed with my head full of speculations, suggested by that extraordinary legend. It had given birth to innumerable conjectures; and, I remember, the last waking thought, which I gave expression to on my pillow, was a sort of wonder “what could come of it:”
忽然之间就到了天上,怎么去的,到底在什么个地方,我就弄不清了。也不是真的天堂——不是《圣经》里说的那种;是一种童话里的仙境。现在我不揣冒昧,讲出梦中情景,希望我们人类这可怜的头脑[2]能被允许自由想象。I was suddenly transported, how or whither I could scarcely make—but to some celestial region. It was not the real heavens neither—not the downright Bible heaven—but a kind of fairyland heaven, about which a poor human fancy may have leave to sport and air itself, I will hope, without presumption.
我觉得——梦是多稀奇古怪的东西啊!我在一个——猜得到吗?我在一个天使的命名礼上!Methought—what wild things dream are!—I was present—at what would you imagine?—at an angel’s gossiping.
他是从哪来,或者怎么来,谁让他来的,或者他是不是就自己来的,你我都不知道——但真真切切地,那儿就躺着一个小天使,包裹在他云朵一般小小的襁褓里。Whence it came, or how it came, or who bid it come, or whether it came purely of its own head, neither you nor I know—but there lay, sure enough, wrapt in its little cloudy swaddling bands—a Child Angel.
小天使躺在摇篮里,天界的摇篮只配王侯使用,一束束朦胧的阳光穿过摇篮上的亚麻布。所有位阶的天使都来了,展开翅膀,在周围盘旋,等着看新生儿什么时候会张开他一直闭着的眼睛。当他真张开了眼睛,一只,再一只,带着忧虑不安,但这种不安,不像俗世的婴儿的恐惧那样,在他们张开的眼中染上泪光,而是像在这个不属于他的地方探索道路。啊,当他张开眼睛,即便是这些天上的精灵,也忍不住出声笑了起来[3]。我还看到一碗碗庆祝用的美酒,就是诗人说的“凡人称之琼浆”的那种。梦是这么单纯,又这么不可思议!还有侍女在旁,她们的面孔似乎是衰衰老矣,做着俗世那些温柔的动作,欢迎尘世献给天堂的这份礼物,是那么灵巧,Sun-threads—filmy beams—ran through the celestial napery of what seemed its princely cradle. All the winged orders hovered around, watching when the new-born should open its yet closed eyes; which, when it did, first one, and then the other—with a solicitude and apprehension, yet not such as, stained with fear, dim the expanding eye-lids of mortal infants, but as if to explore its path in those its unhereditary palaces—what an inextinguishable titter that time spared not celestial visages! Nor wanted there to my seeming—O the inexplicable simpleness of dreams!—bowls of that cheering nectar,
—which mortals caudle call below.
Nor were wanting faces of female ministrants,--stricken in years, as it might seem,--so dexterous were those heavenly attendants to counterfeit kindly similitudes of earth, to greet, with terrestrial child-rites the young present, which earth had made to heaven.
天国的竖琴响起来了,没有调节天体运行的乐声那么气势宏阔,而是像尘世上在演奏响度最大的乐器一样,经常为了不损害出生时带有缺陷的新生儿的听力,会低柔地弹拨。听到这种压抑着的演奏声,小天使扑腾着没长成的小翅膀一跃而起,却往前一栽,又给羽翼丰满的天使抱回了怀里。一年又一年,天堂里时光流转,在梦里,一年就像一天,小天使雪白的肩头不断长出翅膀的雏形,却因为缺少完美的天使素养,不久就给剪断了想望,扑腾着掉下,又为天使的双手抱起——永远长出稚嫩的翅膀,再扑腾着掉下,因为他的出生不是纯粹的天堂的热情[4]的结果。Then were celestial harpings heard, not in full symphony as those by which the spheres are tutored; but, as loudest instruments on earth speak oftentimes, muffled so to accommodate their sound the better to the weak ears of the imperfect-born. And, with the noise of those subdued soundings, the Angelet sprang forth, fluttering its rudiments of pinions—but forthwith flagged and was recovered into the arms of those full-winged angels. And a wonder it was to see how, as years went round in heaven—a year in dreams is as a day—continually its white shoulders put forth buds of wings, but, wanting the perfect angelic nutriment, anon was shorn of its aspiring, and fell fluttering—still caught by angel hands—for ever to put forth shoots, and to fall fluttering, because its birth was not of the unmixed vigour of heaven.
小天使得到了他的名字,叫做“天地之子”,因为他是天堂与尘世共同的产物。And a name was given to the Babe Angel, and it was to be called Ge-Urania, because its production was of earth and heaven.
他不会品尝到死亡的滋味,因为他已为永恒的宫殿收养;但他会知晓软弱、依赖,生活在人类智识低下的阴影下。他步态不稳,走起路来一瘸一拐,可没有哪个人间的婴孩能拥有那种迅捷优雅。看着这一切,天使的胸中第一次涌起了怜悯之情;看到这个不死的瘸孩子,他们像人类一样感到怜爱的渴望。And it could not taste of death, by reason of its adoption into immortal palaces; but it was to know weakness, and reliance, and the shadow of human imbecility; and it went with a lame gait; but in its goings it exceeded all mortal children in grace and swiftness. Then pity first sprang up in angelic bosoms; and yearnings (like the human) touched them at the sight of the immortal lame one.
于是这些纯粹天悟的精神体[5]感受着痛苦,与本性做着痛苦的挣扎——但不是悲伤,抑制着自己的智慧,从超凡的智识水平上降下来,一步步地慢慢教导这个一半尘世的孩童,只因为他非如此就不能领悟。又由于一半为天界的产物,天使的天性总是要直觉[6]就要知晓一切,这个学徒总是迫切想把天使的教导纳入智识,天使无法驱除他这种求知的欲望。于是天使就这么教导着这个荣耀的双生子,他出身的卑微与天生求知的欲望都要纳入考虑。And with pain did then first those Intuitive Essencess, with pain and strife to their natures (not grief), put back their bright intelligences, and reduce their ethereal minds, schooling them to degrees and slower processes, so to adapt their lessons to the gradual illumination (as must needs be) of the half-earth-born; and what intuitive notices they could not repel (by reason that their nature is, to know all things at once), the half-heavenly novice, by the better part of its nature, aspired to receive into its understanding; so that Humility and Aspiration went on even-paced in the instruction of the glorious Amphibium.
然而,因为完全长成的人类太过粗鄙,不能呼吸此处精妙的空气,他只能是孩童的体形,而且永远如此。But, by reason that Mature Humanity is too gross to breathe the air of that super-subtile region, its portion was, and is, to be a child for ever.
因为他有人类的血统,他不能进入收养他的地方的心脏部位,连进去也不行,这些真正的天使就轮流在宫殿外围照顾他。这儿有阴凉的树林溪流,和他出生的尘世上一样绿荫满地。于是,天使们在谦卑里感受着满足[7],充满爱意地照料着这个收养来的孩子。And because the human part of it might not press into the heart and inwards of the palace of its adoption, those full-natured angels tended it by turns in the purlieus of the palace, where were shady groves and rivulets, like this green earth from which it came; so Love, with Voluntary Humility, waited upon the entertainments of the new-adopted.
数不清的岁月流逝过去——在梦中,时间是无所谓有无所谓无的——小天使还保持在永久的孩童状态,并将永远如此。他成了地面上孩童的守护神,仍旧一瘸一拐地走着路,仍旧惹人爱怜。And myriads of years rolled round (in dreams Time is nothing), and still it kept, and is to keep, perpetual childhood, and is the Tutelar Genius of Childhood upon earth, and still goes lame and lovely.
在Pison河旁,座落着天使Nadir爱过的凡人Adah的墓。墓前坐着一个孩子,但不是我在天堂里看到的那个。然而在这个孩子与我在天堂看到的孤儿之间,仍旧有一种关联。他的面貌上笼罩着哀愁;天堂里的那个孩子身上也有一层隐隐的悲伤,在这个尘世的孩童身上,这种悲哀成了可见的阴影,或曰徽章,围绕着他,减弱了他的美丽。只有在梦中,人才能领会到这种关联。By the banks of the river Pison is seen, lone-sitting by the grave of the terrestrial Adah, whom the angel Nadir loved, a Child; but not the same which I saw in heaven. A mournful hue overcasts its lineaments; nevertheless, a correspondency is between the child by the grave, and that celestial orphan, whom I saw above; and the dimness of the grief upon the heavenly, is a shadow or emblem of that which stains the beauty of the terrestrial. And this correspondency is not to be understood but by dreams.
我有幸读到一些天堂的文献档案,里面记载着天使Nadir因眷恋凡尘被放逐后,如何乘着父爱的羽翼,又一次回到天堂——这种父母之爱有片刻挑战森严戒律的力量,——出现在他原来的位置上,放下一个婴孩,立刻就消失不见,从此此处再也不见他的身影。这个重托便是那个一瘸一拐惹人怜爱的孩子——Adah却长眠在Pison河岸。 And in the archives of heaven I had grace to read, how that once the angel Nadir, being exiled from his place for mortal passion, upspringing on the wings of parental love (such power had parental love for a moment to suspend the else-irrevocable law) appeared for a brief instant in his station; and, depositing a wondrous Birth, straightway disappeared, and the palaces knew him no more. And this charge was the self-same Babe, who goeth lame and lovely—but Adah sleepeth by the river Pison.
[hr][1] 这是爱尔兰诗人托马斯•莫尔Thomas Moore(1779-1852)的一首长篇叙事诗。诗中三个从天堂放逐的天使逐个叙述自己与凡人的爱情故事。第一个天赐的光芒最弱,也是纯粹为凡人外在的美貌引诱而堕落,他爱上的这个女子却是一心敬仰信奉上帝,最后这个凡女升入天堂,他却飞不回去。第二个曾经目睹夏娃的出生,从此爱上女性(这里的思想可能来自柏拉图,即对美的爱好从个体开始,再扩大到爱好所有美的物体,再升华到爱好美本身),最后遇上一个不仅外形美丽,而且有强烈的求知欲望的女子(就像夏娃一样),带领她知晓了世间所有智慧,结局是这个女子想目睹他在天堂时候充满光辉的形象(就像宙斯的一次爱情一样),他以为不会有事,展开原来的形体拥抱了她,结果不仅看着她化成灰烬,还让她永堕地狱承受火焚之苦。第三个天使的故事由作者出面叙述,因为这一对爱人即便在最狂热的时候也没有忘记humility谦卑,上帝对他们最宽容,虽然把天使放逐了,还让他们在尘世永远结合。这是这首诗的链接。http://oldpoetry.com/opoem/53054-Thomas-Moore-The-Loves-of-the-Angels
[2] 张建平的错误里最让我瞠目结舌的就是这一句。他竟然在解析里把这句话引申成什么“穷人进天国”,原话记不清了。我回学校再找。大意就是兰姆写这篇文章的用意目的就是让穷人从中得到安慰。!!!!!
[3] 这句话里的time很麻烦,不知道是the time做时间状语用,还是time做拟人用法,因为time没有首字母大写,作拟人用也不好理解,还是判作时间状语。
[4] 天堂里的天使是树上出生的,树上燃烧着天堂的热情,他们由于这种热情产生。
[5] 这个短语好像一般翻作“纯粹精神”就可以了,但在这用作主语,似乎太莫名其妙。Intuition是基督教里很重要的一个概念,他们的神学里很重要的一个观点就是直觉先于理智(当然,这个观点也是不断受到挑战)。
[6] Reason在十八世纪和十九世纪初的哲学神学里,做“直觉”讲,读爱默生的著作可知。
[7] 在基督教神学里,voluntary humility不算真正的谦卑,因为感受到这种humility的人还没有到“无我”的境界。